Design of bearing beam of steel frame factory building
Steel frame structure is a common industrial building structure, and load-bearing beams are one of its important components. Load-bearing beams play a key role in supporting and carrying weight in industrial buildings, so their design must be carefully calculated and analyzed.
Before designing the load-bearing beam, it is necessary to have a detailed understanding of the use requirements of the plant. This includes information such as the purpose of the plant, process flow, and equipment layout. Based on this information, the number, location and size of load bearing beams required can be determined.
The design of load-bearing beams in steel frame factory building need to take into account the loads to be borne. Loads can be divided into static loads and dynamic loads. Static loads include self-weight, equipment weight and the load of the building itself. Dynamic loads include wind loads and earthquake loads. According to the relevant national and regional standards, the design value of each load needs to be determined.
In the process of calculating the load, it is necessary to determine its cross-sectional shape and size according to the material of the load-bearing beam. Common steel materials are Q235, Q345, etc., with different strengths and stiffnesses. According to the span and load conditions of the load-bearing beams, appropriate materials can be selected.
There are many options for the cross-sectional shape of the load-bearing beam, and the common ones are I-beam, H-beam and box beam. Selecting a suitable cross-sectional shape needs to take into account factors such as material utilization, stiffness, and construction convenience. In the design, it is necessary to carry out the force analysis of the beam, and calculate the parameters such as the bending moment, shear force and axial force of the beam to ensure the stability and safety of the beam.
In addition, the connection method of the load-bearing beam also needs to be designed. Common connection methods include welding, bolt connection and rivet connection. Different connection methods have a certain influence on the bearing capacity and stiffness of the beam, so it is necessary to choose an appropriate connection method according to the actual situation.
The deformation and vibration of the beam also need to be considered in the design process. The deformation of the beam will affect the use and function of the factory building, so a reasonable stiffness design is required. The vibration problem of the beam also needs to be analyzed to ensure the stability and safety of the beam.
After the design is completed, it is necessary to carry out structural checking and optimization. Checking is to verify the rationality of the design and ensure that the beam will not be damaged when it bears the load. Optimization is to improve the economy and safety of the structure, and reduce the amount and cost of materials used.
In short, the design of the load-bearing beam of the steel frame factory building is a complex project, which requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors. Only after detailed calculation and analysis can a stable, safe and economical load-bearing beam be designed. At the same time, in the design process, it is also necessary to comply with relevant national and regional building standards and codes to ensure the quality and reliability of the structure.
